Influenza (The Flu)

What is Influenza?

The flu is a respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. it is not the same as the common cold, even though many of the symptoms are similar. The common cold is caused by a different virus, and it is usually milder than the flu. Influenza is more likely to worsen and cause more serious complications.

How does the Influenza Virus Spread?

The influenza virus is most commonly spread through the air with the virus infecting others through the respiratory tract. Once it is in the body, the virus starts to replicate itself, leading to a swollen and inflamed respiratory tract. The virus then enters the bloodstream and the symptoms of flu begin to appear. This process continues for a few days, until the body’s immune system begins to fight it off.

Symptoms of Influenza

There are several symptoms associated with influenza, some or all of the following may be present:

• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Fever
• Body aches
• Runny nose and/or congestion
• Fatigue

The basic symptoms of the flu are generally not dangerous; however, with the immune system weakened by the virus, the body is vulnerable to more serious infections. Additional complications that caretakers need to be watchful of are:

• Bacterial pneumonia
• Dehydration
• Sinus problems
• Ear infections
• Worsening of pre-existing conditions, such as asthma or diabetes

What is the Stomach Flu?

The “stomach flu” is actually a misnomer. Vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach aches can be caused by viruses; however, they are not typically symptoms of influenza. Influenza is primarily a respiratory illness, not a gastrointestinal one.